Tourism and Motivation in Cultural Destinations: towards those Visitors Attracted by Intangible Heritage

Autori

  • José Prada-Trigo Universidad de Concepción
  • Jesús Claudio Pérez Gálvez University of Córdoba
  • Tomás López-Guzmán University of Córdoba
  • Sandra Elizabeth Pesántez Loyola University of Cuenca

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2036-5195/6230

Parole chiave:

Intangible Cultural Tourism, Motivation, Satisfaction, Panama hat, Cuenca

Abstract

The intangible heritage increasingly associated with tourism in a territory is today, an element that is attracting more and more visitors. However, there are still few studies that address issues such as the motivation of these tourists, especially in contexts like those of Latin America. The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between the motivation and satisfaction obtained by tourists who have visited the places associated with the Panama hat (recognized as an Intangible Heritage by UNESCO in 2012) in the city of Cuenca (Ecuador). The work creates a segmentation of tourists based on three dimensions: the cultural, another related to leisure and the last in reference to social and labor issues. For this, it applies a factorial analysis, cluster analysis and an analysis of variance (ANOVA with post-hoc multiple comparisons). The results show that the cultural aspect of motivation is the most important, being, however, the motivation for leisure issues which gives one a better assessment of their knowledge of the Panama hat, Cuenca's heritage or satisfaction with the trip.

Riferimenti bibliografici

Abuamoud, I. N., Libbin, J., Green, J.and Alrousan, R. (2014). Factors affecting the willingness of tourists to visit cultural heritage sistes in Jordan. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 9 (2), 148-165.

Ahmad, Y. (2006). The scope and definitions of heritage: From tangible to intangible. International journal of heritage studies, 12 (3), 292-300.

Alegre, J. -and Garau, J. (2010). Tourist satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Annals of tourism research, 37 (1), 52-73.

Andereck, K. L.-and Caldwell, L. L. (1994). Variable Selection in Tourism Market Segmentation Models. Journal of Travel Research, 33(2), 40-46.

Antón, C., Camarero, C. -and Laguna-García, M. (2014). Towards a new approach of destination royalty drivers: satisfaction, visit intensity and tourist motivation. Current Issues in Tourism, 1-23.

Apostolakis, A. (2003). The convergence process in heritage tourism. Annals of tourism research, 30 (4), 795-812.

Breakey, N. M. (2012). Study in of World Heritage visitors: The case of the remote Riversleigh Fossil Site. Visitor Studies, 15 (1), 82-97.

Chen, C. -and Chen, F. (2010). Experience quality, perceived value, satisfaction and behavioural intentions for heritage tourists. Tourism Management, 31, 29-35.

Ciarcia, G. (2006). La perte durable. Etude sur la notion de “patrimoine immatériel” LAHIC/Mission Ethnologie (Ministere de la Culture). Mission Ethnologie (Ministere de la Culture), 76.

Correia, A., Kozak, M. -and Ferradeira, J. (2013). From tourist motivations to tourist satisfaction. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 7 (4), 411-424.

Del Barrio, M. J., Devesa, M.-and Herrero, L. C. (2012). Evaluating intangible cultural heritage: the case of cultural festivals. City, Culture and Society, 3 (4), 235-244.

Di Giovine, M.A. (2009). The Heritage-scape: UNESCO, World Heritage, and Tourism, Lexington: Books.

Forgas-Coll, S., Palau-Saumell, R., Sánchez-García, J., -and Callarisa-Fiol, L. J. (2012). Urban destination loyalty drivers and cross-national moderator effects: The case of Barcelona. Tourism Management, 33(6), 1309-1320.

Gelbman, A. -andRon, A. S. (2009). Heritage and cultural tourism: The present and future of the past. Tourism Geographies, 11(1), 127-129.

Giudici, E., Melis, C., Dessì, S. -and Pollnow, B. F. (2013). Is intangible cultural heritage able to promote sustainability in tourism? International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 5 (1), 101-114.

Herrero, L.C., Sanz, J.A., Bedate, A., Devesa, M. and Barrio, M.J. del (2004). Turismo Cultural e Impacto Económico de Salamanca 2002. Ciudad Europea de la Cultura. Civitas Ediciones, Madrid.

Huh, J., Uysal, M. and McCleary, K. (2006). Cultural/Heritage Destinations: Tourist Satisfaction and Market Segmentation. Journal of Hospitality & Leisure Marketing, 14 (3), 81-99.

Hui, T. K., Wan, D., and Ho, A. (2007). Tourists’ satisfaction, recommendation and revisiting Singapore. Tourism management, 28(4), 965-975.

INEC (2010). VII Censo de Población y Vivienda. Quito: INEC.

Jansen-Verbeke, M. (1997). Urban tourism. Managing resources and visitors. Tourism, development and growth: The Challenge of Sustainability. Routledge, Londres, 217-233.

Joppe, M., Martin, D. and Waalen, J. (2001). Toronto's Image As a Destination: A Comparative Importance-Satisfaction Analysis by Origin of Visitor. Journal of Travel Research, 39, 252-260.

Kee, T., Wan, D. and Ho, A. (2007). Tourists’ satisfaction, recommendation and revisiting Singapore. Tourism Management, 28 (4), 965-975.

Kirshenblatt‐Gimblett, B. (2004). Intangible Heritage as Metacultural Production. Museum International, 66 (1-4), 163-174.

Kolar, T., and V. Zabkar. (2007). The meaning of tourists'authentic experiences for the marketing of cultural heritage sites. Economic and Business Review for Central and South-Eastern Europe, 9 (3), 235.

Kurin, R. (2004). Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage in the 2003 UNESCO Convention: a critical appraisal. Museum international, 56 (1‐2), 66-77.

López-Guzman, T., Vieira-Rodriguez, A. and Rodriguez García, Juan. (2014). Profile and motivations of European tourists on the Sherry wine route of Spain. Tourism Management Perspective, 11, 63-68.

MacCannell, D. (1976). The tourist: A new theory of the leisure class. Berkerly. Universitiy of California Press.

McCain, Gary and Ray, Nina M. (2003). Legacy Tourism: The Search for Personal Meaning in Heritage Travel. Tourism Management, 24(6), 713-717.

McCleary, K., Weaver, P. and Hsu, C. (2008). The Relationship Between International Leisure Travelers' Origin Country and Product Satisfaction, Value, Service Quality, and Intent to Return. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 21 (2-3), 117-130.

McKercher, B. (2002). Towards a classification of cultural tourists. International journal of tourism research, 4(1), 29-38.

Meng, F., Tepanon, Y., and Uysal, M. (2008). Measuring tourist satisfaction by attribute and motivation: The case of a nature-based resort. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 14(1), 41-56.

MINTUR (2014). El sombrero de paja toquilla, Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial de la Humanidad. Quito, 8 Agosto 2014.

Mohd, N., Zaki, S., Saniah, S. and Syed H. (2013). Between Tourism and Intangible Cultural Heritage. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 85 (20), 411–420.

Naoi, T. (2004). Visitors’ evaluation of a historical district: the roles of authenticity and manipulation. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 5(1), 45–63.

Nguyen, T. H. H. and Cheung, C. (2014). The classification of heritage visitors: a case of Hue City, Vietnam. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 9 (1), 35-50.

Norman, A. (2011). Spiritual tourism: Travel and religious practice in western society. Nueva York: Bloomsbury Publishing.

Nyaupane, G. P. and Andereck, K. L. (2014). Visitors to cultural heritage attractions: an activity-based integrated typology. Tourism Culture & Communication, 14(1), 17-26.

Park, H. Y. (2014). Heritage tourism. Routledge, London.

Pérez-Gálvez, Muñoz- Fernández and López-Guzmán (2015). Motivación y satisfacción turística en los festivales del vino: XXXI ed. cata del vino Montilla-Moriles, España. Tourism & Management Studies, 11(2), 7-13.

Poloni-Simard, J. (2006). El Mosaico Indígena, Quito, AbyaYala.

Poria, Y, Reichel, A. and Cohen, R. (2013). Tourists perceptions of World Heritage Site and its designation, Tourism Management, 35, 272-274.

Prada-Trigo, J. et al. (2016). Ciudades patrimoniales, turismo cultural y perfiles de los visitantes: algunas consideraciones a partir del caso de estudio de Cuenca (Ecuador), Lurralde: Investigación y espacio, 39, 199-216.

Richards, G. (2001a). Cultural Attractions and European tourism, Wallingford: CABI.

Richards, G. (2001b). El desarrollo del turismo cultural en Europa. Estudios turísticos, 150, 3-13.

Richards, G. (Ed.). (1996). Cultural tourism in Europe. Wallingford: CABI.

Romero, R. (2005). ¿Cultura y desarrollo? ¿Desarrollo y cultura? Propuestas para un debate abierto. Cuadernos PNUD, Serie de Desarrollo Humano, No. 9. Retrived by http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0014/001440/144076s.pdf

Saipradist, A. and Staiff, R. (2007). Crossing the cultural divide: Western visitors and Interpretation at Ayutthaya World Heritage Site, Thailand. Journal of Heritage Tourism, 2 (3), 211-224.

Sanz, J. A., Herrero, L. C. and Bedate, A. M., (2001). Turismo cultural y Patrimonio Histórico aplicación multivariante al estudio de la demanda. Estudios turísticos, 150(1), 113-132.

Schofield, P. and Thompson, K. (2007). Visitor motivation, satisfaction and behavioural intention: the 2005 Naadam Festival, Ulaanbaatar. International Journal of Tourism Research, 9, 329–344.

Sildelberg, T. (1995). Cultural tourism and business opportunities for museums and heritage sites. Tourism management, 16 (5), 361-365.

Steinberg, F. (1996). Conservation and rehabilitation of urban heritage in developing countries. Habitat International, 20 (3), 463-475.

Timothy, D. J. (2011). Cultural heritage and tourism. Channel View Publications, London.

Timothy, D. J. and Boyd, S. W. (2006). Heritage tourism in the 21st Century: valued traditions and new perspectives, Journal of Heritage Tourism 1 (1), 1-16.

Tucker, H. and Carnegie, E. (2014). World heritage and the contradictions of ‘universal value’. Annals of Tourism Research, 47, 63-76.

UNESCO (2005). Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions 2005. Paris, 20 October 2005.

Vanegas R., Alejandro (2008). Cuenca en su raíz profunda, Coloquio, Revista Universidad del Azuay, 38, 7.

Vong, L. T. N., and Ung, A. (2012). Exploring critical factors of Macau´s Heritage tourism: what heritage tourists are looking for when visiting the city´s iconic heritage site. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 17 (3), 231-245.

WTO-OMT. (1993). Recommendations and Tourism Statistics. WTO, Madrid.

Yang, C. H., Lin, H. L. and Han, C. C. (2010). Analysis of international tourist arrivals in China: The role of World Heritage Sites. Tourism management, 31 (6), 827-837.

Yoon, Y. and Uysal, M. (2005). An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: a structural model. Tourism Management, 26 (1), 45-56.

Downloads

Pubblicato

2016-12-23

Come citare

Prada-Trigo, J., Pérez Gálvez, J. C., López-Guzmán, T., & Pesántez Loyola, S. E. (2016). Tourism and Motivation in Cultural Destinations: towards those Visitors Attracted by Intangible Heritage. Almatourism - Journal of Tourism, Culture and Territorial Development, 7(14), 17–37. https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2036-5195/6230

Fascicolo

Sezione

Saggi