The Effects of Terrorism on Tourism: (Inter)relations, Motives & Risks

Marco Romagnoli

doi:10.6092/issn.2036-5195/6244

Autori

Marco Romagnoli University of Bologna

Postgraduate student in Tourism Economics and Management at the University of Bologna. His major study and research interests are tangible and intangible cultural heritage, sustainable and responsible tourism development, identity issues and (inter)cultural empowerment in the Mediterranean areas.
After having graduated in Interpreting and Translation with honours, Dr. Romagnoli focused on the tourism and cultural sector and studies at the University of Bologna. He also studied World Heritage and Touristic Promotion at the Panthéon-Sorbonne University of Paris and did internships at UNESCO HQ in Paris, at the European Institute of Cultural Routes in Luxembourg and with GoUNESCO.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2036-5195/6244

Parole chiave:

Tourism, Terrorism, Terrorists’ Motives, Perceived Risk in Travel, Media.

Abstract

The article aims at explaining the relationship between terrorism and tourism, and the consequences that the former has on the latter. Untangling this relationship may be a useful tool to understand terrorist goals and motives. The pivotal question to be answered is which effects terrorism has on the tourism industry. In the modern era, terrorism has become an integrated risk, a maybe-to-include package of travelling for tourists. The operating environment for the tourism sector evolved in a huge way after the attacks to the Twin Towers in September of 2001. Terrorism and tourism data have become more and more important since that dramatic episode; both of them are twofold and interconnected with regard to their basic features, namely crossing national borders involving national and international protagonists and both using travel and communication technologies. Terrorists do not act randomly, but they have precise purposes. The article will explain the multiform and multifold ways through which an attack may occur and be better understood. Terrorism crowds the media; it physically hits and psychologically vexes minds. Tourists are an appealing target for terrorists because they are seen as a country’s symbolic ambassadors, while tourism destinations are perfect and visible spots to deploy a terrorist attack. Terrorists are capable of using tourists as the means to get the media’s attention and bombard the world with their message. Risk perception, attitude and preferences are one of the main determinants for a tourist in the destination choice momentum. A potential tourist who negatively conceives a destination as risky may choose to cancel his/her holiday or not even consider it because of security and safety motives.

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